Les apories de l'identité narrative
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5195/errs.2024.646Keywords:
identity, narration, fiction, reference, selfAbstract
The notion of narrative identity brings the possibility of self-identity (or idem-identity) with that of change. But is what Ricoeur calls a “dialectical” mediation between identity and change necessary? Only if identity is supposed to exclude change, but this is not the case with identity in the most fundamental sense of the term: numerical identity. The second difficulty is that Ricoeur often seems to reduce the notions of history and narration to one another. It is hardly controversial that we are historical beings, but does this mean that our identity depends on the narratives we fashion for our histories? Finally, the third aporia lies in the primordial position Ricoeur gives to fiction in his determination of narrative identity. However, it’s not at all clear that fictional characters enjoy a genuine identity in any possible sense: e.g., contemporary theorists of reference such as Saul Kripke and David Kaplan have insisted that fictional characters possess only an appearance of identity. How, then, can we make this semblance of identity, which amounts to a bundle of more or less stable characteristics, the model for addressing the question of the status of our real identities?
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